When smoke is poured from the hall Skyscrapers in New York City on Sunday With 17 deaths in Bronx, residents faced life-threatening decisions.
Several survivors later told reporters that when they saw the corridor filled with smoke, they returned to their apartment to wait for rescue rather than escape. According to the National Fire Protection Association, this was the right response. This non-profit organization has created codes and standards to educate the general public about fire safety.
However, what to do with a fire depends in part on the design of the building and the location of the fire.
In general, the NFPA says that if you are safe, you should evacuate from a burning building. First, you need to feel the door before you open it, keep it closed, and look for another way if it’s hot to the touch. Residents must close all doors behind them to prevent the spread of smoke and fire. You must bring your key with you in case you have to return to your apartment.
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In most skyscrapers, the nearest staircase is an emergency exit, but if it’s filled with fire or smoke, you’ll have to look for another exit. If there is no safe exit, they will have to return to the apartment and evacuate to their place.In the Bronx fire, survivors told reporters: Both corridors and stairs The smoke was thick.
All New York City apartments must post a notice on the door indicating whether the building is flammable or non-flammable, based on how the building was constructed.
These notices tell people living in fire-resistant skyscrapers not to evacuate, but instead evacuate to the designated location unless the fire is in their apartment.
The burnt Bronx apartment building is considered non-flammable. That is, concrete is poured on the ceiling and floor. In fact, the fire caused by the apparently failed space heater did not actually spread beyond the corridor adjacent to the unit where it started.
But the door to the apartment where the fire started Could not be closed Behind the fleeting occupants, the smoke quickly spread throughout the building, including the escape stairs.
Residents evacuating to designated locations should seal doors and vents and use wet towels, wet sheets, or tape to keep out smoke. They need to call 911 to warn the firefighters that they are trapped and give them the exact location. According to the NFPA, they also need to wave a flashlight or a light-colored cloth to signal the windows.
Trapped residents can open windows for fresh air or to signal firefighters, but they must not break the windows. It allows smoke to flow in from the outside, leaving no way to prevent it.
According to the NFPA, most fire deaths are caused by smoke inhalation, not burns.
Today’s homes tend to contain a lot of products made of synthetic fibers that burn at very high temperatures, helping the fire spread rapidly, said Susan McKelby, a spokesman for the association. rice field. In a typical home fire, she said, it may take only a few minutes for the inhabitants to escape safely before the smoke detector rings.
“Now the fire spreads very quickly,” McKelby said. “And it’s not always the flames that can hurt someone. Smoke and toxic gases make it really hard to see and breathe.”
When a fire breaks out inside a building, it often consumes the available oxygen. Smoke also contains carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide works in the body and deprives victims of the necessary oxygen. Also, toxic chemicals in smoke can cause damage to organs.
EMS Lilian Bonsignoria, New York City Fire Department Secretary, compared the long-term consequences of stroke exposure from heavy smoke exposure.
“The cells of your body and the organs of your body are quite sensitive,” she said. “So when you put them under this kind of stress, or this kind of toxicity or lack of oxygen, those cells may not be able to return, so this type of damage remains. I am. “
The basic principle is the same whether you live in a high-rise building, a single-family home, or a Nagaya. Philadelphia’s that burned last week, Twelve people have died, according to McKelby.
Your home needs a good smoke detector that works, which is often checked. In addition, residents need to develop an escape plan and put it into practice. It is especially important to know who is responsible for ensuring the safety of children and people with movement disorders. According to McKelby, in an apartment building, residents need to ask the building manager about emergency protocols.
In the Bronx fire, some survivors were accustomed to false alarms and initially ignored smoke alarms, they told reporters. Even if this is not the case, people in skyscrapers and hotels often hesitate to evacuate, McKelby said.
“People don’t react until they see the real signs of danger, but it’s likely too late to escape by that time,” she said. “Smoke detectors must always be taken seriously.”
Loller reported from Nashville, Tennessee. Reporter Emma H. Tobin contributed from New York City.
Copyright 2022 AP communication. all rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission.
Fire safety experts say the key to planning and quick response | Lifestyle
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